LibGuides: Human Trafficking, Commercial Sexual Exploitation, and Systems of Prostitution: Secondary Sources

Legal Encyclopedia

Legal encyclopedia can provide a brief overview of an area of law, introducing the reader to relevant legal topics and terms.

Selected Legal Encyclopedia:

Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (Third Floor: KZ1160 .E5 1981)

Cornell’s Legal Information Institute’s WEX legal dictionary and encyclopedia is accessible online for free.

American Jurisprudence 2d This link opens in a new window
American Jurisprudence, Second Edition, is an encyclopedic text of both procedural and substantive American law, state, federal, criminal, civil and procedural. Consisting of over 430 topic headings (titles), Am Jur 2d articles collect, examine, and summarize the broad principles of American law and, at the same time, provide direct leads to supporting cases, related annotations, forms, proofs, and trial techniques.
Pennsylvania Law Encyclopedia This link opens in a new window
For each major issue discussed, Pennsylvania Law Encyclopedia provides "black letter" law summaries that precede more in-depth analysis of case law, statutes, and rules, with proper citations to other authority. Concise yet comprehensive, Pennsylvania Law Encyclopedia presents the rules of Pennsylvania law and their exceptions, qualifications, limitations, and extensions.

Selected Treatises

Child Exploitation and Trafficking by Virginia M. Kendall; T. Markus Funk; Richard A. Posner (Foreword by)
Call Number: KF9449 .K46 2011
ISBN: 9781442209800
Publication Date: 2011-12-16
The book provides the first comprehensive, practical introduction to the history and present-day reality of child sexual exploitation, as well as to the interconnected web of domestic and transnational federal laws and law enforcement efforts launched in response thereto. It is written from the distinctive perspective of those who have spent their careers in the trenches investigating, prosecuting, and adjudicating these intricate and commonly emotional cases.
Child Sex Trafficking in the United States by Jeff V. Higgins; Christopher M. Brady
Call Number: KF9323 .C58 2012
ISBN: 9781621002666
Publication Date: 2012-04-01
Experts agree that any efforts to reduce the prevalence of child sex trafficking, as well as other forms of trafficking, should address not only the supply, but also the demand. In this book, demand reduction strategies are considered, such as increasing public awareness and prevention, as well as bolstering investigations and prosecutions of those who buy illegal commercial sex.
Foundations of International Migration Law by Brian Opeskin (Editor); Richard Perruchoud (Editor); Jillyanne Redpath-Cross (Editor)
Call Number: K3275 .F68 2012
ISBN: 9781107017719
Publication Date: 2012-09-27
International migration law is an important field of international law, which has attracted exceptional interest in recent years. This book has been written from a wide variety of perspectives for those wanting to understand the legal framework that regulates migration.
Human Trafficking by Nora M. Cronin; Kimberly A. Ellis; Peter W. Blair
Call Number: K5297 .H8595 2016
ISBN: 9781936360222
Publication Date: 2016-12-01
Human Trafficking Around the World by Stephanie Hepburn; Rita Simon
Call Number: K5297 .H47 2013
ISBN: 9780231161459
Publication Date: 2013-06-04
This unprecedented study of sex trafficking, forced labor, organ trafficking, and sex tourism across twenty-four nations highlights the experiences of the victims, perpetrators, and anti-traffickers involved in this brutal trade.
The International Law of Human Trafficking by Anne T. Gallagher
Call Number: Online
ISBN: 9780521191074
Publication Date: 2010-09-30
This book is a groundbreaking work: a unique and valuable resource for policymakers, advocates, practitioners and scholars working in this controversial and important field.
The International Politics of Human Trafficking by G. Wylie
Call Number: K5297 .W95 2016
ISBN: 9781137377746
Publication Date: 2016-09-12
This book explores the international politics behind the identification of human trafficking as a major global problem.
Not a Choice, Not a Job by Janice G. Raymond
Call Number: HQ118 .R39 2013
ISBN: 9781612346267
Publication Date: 2013-07-01
Raymond expands the boundaries of scholarship in women's studies, making this book indispensable to human rights advocates around the world.
Prostitution Narratives by Caroline Norma (Editor); Melinda Tankard Reist (Editor); Rachel Moran (Foreword by)
Call Number: HQ118 .P79 2016
ISBN: 9781742199863
Publication Date: 2016-07-01
Prostitution Narratives: Stories of Survival in the Sex Trade refutes the lies and debunks the myths spread by the industry through the lived experiences of women who have survived prostitution.
The Slave Next Door by Kevin Bales; Ron Soodalter
Call Number: HQ314 .B35 2009
ISBN: 9780520255159
Publication Date: 2009-06-18
Weaving together a wealth of voices--from slaves, slaveholders, and traffickers as well as from experts, counselors, law enforcement officers, rescue and support groups, and others--this book is also a call to action, telling what we, as private citizens, can do to finally bring an end to this horrific crime.
To Plead Our Own Cause by Kevin Bales (Editor); Zoe Trodd (Editor)
Call Number: HT857 .T67 2008
ISBN: 9780801445736
Publication Date: 2008-05-07
To Plead Our Own Cause contains ninety-five narratives by slaves and former slaves from around the globe. Told in the words of slaves themselves, the narratives movingly and eloquently chronicle the horrors of contemporary slavery, the process of becoming free, and the challenges faced by former slaves as they build a life in freedom.

Law Journals and Articles

Laurel Bellows, Breaking the Shackles More Must Be Done to End Human Trafficking and Address the Needs of Its Victims, 98 SEP ABA J. 8 (Sept. 2012)

Mohamed Y. Mattar, Interpreting Judicial Interpretations of the Criminal Statutes of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act: Ten Years Later, 19 Am. U. J. Gender Soc. Pol'y & L. 1247 (2011)

Eileen Overbaugh, Human Trafficking: The Need for Federal Prosecution of Accused Traffickers, 39 Seton Hall L. Rev. 635 (2009)

Stephanie Richard, Note, State Legislation and Human Trafficking: Helpful or Harmful?, 38 U. Mich. J.L. Reform 447 (2005)

Arthur Rizer & Sheri R. Glaser, Breach: The National Security Implications of Human Trafficking, 17 Widener L. Rev. 69 (2011)

Jennifer A.L. Sheldon-Sherman, The Missing "P": Prosecution, Prevention, Protection, and Partnership in the Trafficking Victims Protection Act, 117 Penn St. L. Rev. 443 (2012)

Jayashri Srikantiah, Perfect Victims and Real Survivors: The Iconic Victim in Domestic Human Trafficking Law, 87 B.U. L. Rev. 157 (2007)

Henry Andrés Yoder, Civil Rights for Victims of Human Trafficking, 12 U. Pa. J.L. & Soc. Change 133 (2009)

Anti-Trafficking Review This link opens in a new window
The Anti-Trafficking Review is an open access, peer reviewed journal dedicated to the issue of human trafficking. It explores trafficking in its broader context and intersections with gender, labor, and migration. Each issue relates to an emerging or overlooked theme in the field of human trafficking. The Review’s focus is global in nature, exploring micro and macro levels of anti-trafficking responses and the commonalities, differences. and disconnects in between.

Secondary Sources - Domestic

Responding to Sex Trafficking Victim-Offender Intersectionality – Shared Hope International

White Paper – World Without Exploitation

Who Buys Sex? – Demand Abolition

CSE Institute Annual Reports

Trafficking in Persons Report – State Department

Understanding Human Trafficking in the United States – T.K. Logan, Robert Walker, Gretchen Hunt

Polaris Project Trafficking Statistics

Secondary Sources - International

“Bitch, You Got What You Deserved!”: Violation and Violence in Sex Buyer Reviews of Legal Brothels by Natalie Jovanovski & Meagan Tyler. Violence Against Women, 24(16) (2018).

This article challenges existing assumptions about harm minimization in systems of prostitution which are legalized or fully decriminalized.

Readings on "Vacatur"

Scholarly resources on vacatur and Human Trafficking victimization:

The Human Rights of Sex Trafficking Survivors: Trends and Challenges in American Vacatur Laws This link opens in a new window
MDPI.com. The Human Rights of Sex Trafficking Survivors: Trends and Challenges in American Vacatur Laws, by Patricia D. Rodda & Heather Smith-Cannoy, Societies, 2024 14(2), 29. This article surveys the recent and robust diffusion of American vacatur laws, situates them amidst the larger, global non-criminalization movement, and highlights both the strengths and weaknesses of the current US vacatur laws with an eye toward closing the rights gap for sex trafficking survivors.
Human Trafficking Victims' Need for Vacatur: Demolishing Roadblocks to Freedom This link opens in a new window
by Melissa Owens. 28 Am. U. J. Gender Soc. Pol'y & L. 203 (2020). An analysis of the current state laws in the United States, the current federal landscape, and a call for the United Nations to amend an existing Protocol to allow victims of human trafficking to vacate their criminal records.
Left Behind: How the Absence of a Federal Vacatur Law Disadvantages Survivors of Human Trafficking This link opens in a new window
Jessica Emerson, & Alison Aminzadeh, Left Behind: How the Absence of a Federal Vacatur Law Disadvantages Survivors of Human Trafficking, 16 U. Md. L.J. Race Relig. Gender & Class 239 (2016).
Policy Priority: Expanding Post-conviction Relief for Victims of Human Trafficking This link opens in a new window
Policy statement on Pennsylvania legislation from the Institute to Address Commercial Sexual Exploitation.
Post-conviction Advocacy for Survivors of Human Trafficking: A Guide for Attorneys This link opens in a new window
American Bar Association; The Survivor Reentry Project; The Commission on Domestic & Sexual Violence. This guide serves as a roadmap for practitioners, such as public defenders, legal services lawyers and pro bono attorneys, and other stakeholders who will be representing trafficking survivors in vacatur proceedings.
This non-state-specific manual provides general information for lawyers who are new to post-conviction relief practices and/or working with trafficking survivors. In this guide you will find an introduction to post-conviction practice for survivors of human trafficking, basic definitions of important concepts and elements contained in typical vacatur laws, important filing considerations for motion practice, and best practices for employing a trauma-informed and survivor-centered approach to client interviewing and representation, along with other best practices for advocates.